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Валерия
Эксперт по сдаче вступительных испытаний в ВУЗах
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Metric System and its Origin- The idea of a universal system of measures and weights dates from long ago1), but it was realized only two centuries ago. The metric or decimal system was worked out by the French Academy of Sciences in 1791. How were the units for length and weight defined then?
- Two French scientists were given the task to define these unites. They took one fourth of the distance from the North Pole to the Equator on the geographical meridian which is running through Paris (the distance from Dunkirk in France to Barcelona in Spain) and divided it into ten million equal parts. One of these parts was called a metre or “measure”. For shorter measurements the metre was divided by ten, for longer things the metre was multiplied by
- It was easy to use the same metre for volume. The weight of one cubic centimetre of water was called a gramme. Thus the metric system was
- Russian scientists played a great part in the spreading of the metric system in Russia as well as in other countries. As far as in2) 1867 D.I. Mendeleyev addressed Russian scientists to help to spread the decimal system. The project of the law about the use of the metric system in Russia was also worked out by
- The adoption of the metric system gives an opportunity to investigate3) and improve designs and materials in the construction industry, to make exchange of building construction techniques and
Notes
- dates from long ago – возникла давно;
- as far as in – еще в …
- to investigate – исследовать
Упр. 1. Переведите следующие словосочетания на русский язык.
Universal system of measures and weights; units for length and weight; geographical meridian; to be divided into ten million equal parts, adoption of metric system.Упр. 2. Переведите следующие словосочетания на анг- лийский язык.
Разработать десятичную систему, определять единицы длины и веса, закон об использовании метрической системы, русские ученые, распространить десятичную систему, строительные методы, строительные материалы.Упр. 3. Ответьте на вопросы.
- When was a universal system of measures and weight realized?
- Who was the metric system worked out by?
- Was the metre divided by ten for shorter measurements?
- How was the weight of one cubic centimeter of water called?
- Who worked out the project of the law about the use of the metric system in Russia?
- What does the adoption of metric system give?
Упр. 4. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в нужной грамматической форме.
- The process of getting alloys (become – Present Continuous) much quicker and much
- I. Mendeleyev (to discover – Past Simple) the Periodic Law of elements, the table of elements (to be called – Past Simple) his name.
- A new comfortable bus (to develop – Passive Voice, Past Simple) to transport people over long
- Atomic ice-breakers (to operate – Present Simple) on a negligible quantity of atomic
- We believe that cybernetics (to be – Present Simple) an important branch of modern
Упр. 5. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на сказуемое в Passive Voice.
- The metric system was worked out by the French Academy of Sciences in
- Interesting and important research are being done at our
- In Russia the metric system was adopted in
- The better results have not been obtained
- A great number of experiments had been made before the problem was
- During the last hundred years many methods of building have been
- The Metro is extended to provide a quick service to the capital’s centre.
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