Тест по английскому языку

F1: Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности V1: ОК-3. Владение культурой мышления, способность к обобщению, анализу, восприятию информации, постановке цели и выбору путей её достижения V2: Основной лексический минимум I: S: Examples of negligent ____________ include car accidents and medical malpractice cases +: torts — : crimes — : contracts — : capacity I: S: Trustworthy eyewitnesses to the crime _____________ at trial +: testified -: contracted -: acquitted -: accused I: S: In criminal law, there is a _____________ of innocence until guilt is proven beyond any reasonable doubt. +: presumption -: consideration -: burden -: standard I: S: In Great Britain, the abbreviation Ltd is used for ________________. +: private limited company -: public limited company -: limited liability company -: limited liability partnership I: S: A company agreed to ______________ with tax regulations. +: comply -: submit -: adjourn -: litigate I: S: The Parties have agreed to execute the contract on the terms and conditions set forth __________: -: thereafter +: herein -: aforesaid -: thereto I: S: No party to the contract shall ____________ its rights to a third party. -: recover -: sign +: assign -: foresee I: S: Did the company offer you any ________________ for the losses caused by the faulty computer? -: injunction -: validity +: compensation -: capacity I: S: By signing this document, we agree to the terms described ________________. -: therein +: herein -: thereof -: hereof I: S: If а product is ______________, you are entitled to a full refund. -: tangible -: merchantable -: unique +: defective I: S: A director has a _______________ to his or her company, even if it is not stipulated in the contract. -: negligence -: offer +: fiduciary duty -: compliance I: S: The Debtor ______________ all of its interest in The Property to the Secured Party as security. -: entrusts +: pledges -: redeems -: charges I: S: The other party has breached a ____________ of our agreement. We can, therefore, rescind the contract. +: condition -: warranty -: seal -: signature I: S: Such act or promise by one party to a contract that constitutes the price is called ______________. -: offer -: intention +: consideration -: acceptance I: S: Any party may transfer its rights and obligations under a contract to another person through a process called _________________. +: assignment -: discharge -: termination -: conclusion I: S: The primary remedy is usually to claim ___________. -: restitution +: damages -: specific performance -: duress I: S: ______________ is a form of equitable remedy – a special court order that compels a party to do or refrain from doing something. -: Damage +: Injunction -: Loss -: Fee I: S: The main function of the contractual language is to set ____________. -: punishment -: aiding and abetting +: terms and conditions -: misrepresentation I: S: A ____________ is a private wrong resulting from a breach of a duty under civil law. -: crime -: offence +: tort -: lawsuit I: S: ___________ – publication of false statements which can damage someone’s reputation. +: Defamation -: Assault -: Trespass -: Negligence I: S: In terms of ___________ both tortfeasors and offenders can be liable for their acts and omissions. -: Mens Rea +: Actus Reus -: Onus Probandi -: Bona Fide I: S: Company formation in the United Kingdom is regulated by the __________ 2006 -: Limited Liability Partnerships +: Companies Act -: The Statute of Frauds -: Partnerships Act I: S: A private limited company ______ sell shares to the public on a stock exchange. +: cannot -: shall -: may -: always I: S: __________________________ is a contract between the owners of a company that defines their roles and regulates their duties and entitlements. -: Pledge +: Shareholder Agreement -: Mortgage -: Lease I: S: ___________ means that a person who engages in any kind of activity is under a legal duty to act prudently and reasonably. -: fiduciary duty +: duty of care -: forseeability rule -: reasonable doubt I: S: Commercial disputes are sometimes resolved by alternative dispute resolution methods like negotiations, mediation, and ______________: -: litigation +: arbitration. -: settlement agreement; -: injunction; I: S: In-house lawyers have to choose among various sources of ___________ law applicable to national and international business transactions: +: commercial -: criminal -: penal -: administrative I: S: The __________ value of the shares is the value chosen by the initial shareholders when the company is incorporated: -: standard -: market -: real +: nominal (par) I: S: The ______________________ is the document that legally incorporates the company. -: Shareholder Agreement -: Partnership Agreement -: Bylaws +: Memorandum of Association I: S: Unfortunately, in some cases doctors may ____________ misdiagnose the health condition as benign. -: nuisance +: negligently -: validly -: invalidly I: S: The ___________ were strictly liable for the damage caused by a non-natural use of land. -: claimants +: defendants -: jurors -: bailiffs I: S: Unless otherwise agreed, delivery of the goods and payment of the price are ___________ conditions. -: subsequent -: precedent +: concurrent -: violent I: S: Rescission is the setting aside of a voidable contract, which _____________ as if it had never existed +: is deemed -: is due -: is applicable -: is discharged I: S: _____________ contracts are concluded by words and conduct of the parties. +: Implied -: Express -: Void -: Voidable I: S: Some lawyers add intention to create legal relations to the list of ___________ that are needed to make a contract valid. +: elements -: validity -: forms -: types I: S: __________________ are enforcement officers authorized to remove and sell possessions to enforce a court decision. -: Coroners +: Bailiffs -: Constables -: Prosecutors I: S: The three main sources of English law are common law, equity and ___________. -: arbitration -: treaties +: statute law -: mediation I: S: A__________________ is an untrue statement made (i) knowingly, or (ii) without belief in its truth or (iii) recklessly, careless whether it be true or false. -: contract -: representation +: fraudulent misrepresentation -: infringement I: S: A contract is __________ if it contravenes a statute or the common law. -: binding -: enforceable -: valid +: illegal I: S: ______________ is some unlawful act or omission which endangers or interferes with the lives, safety or comfort of the public. -: Trespass -: Manslaughter -: Embezzlement +: Nuisance V1: ОК-4. способность свободно пользоваться русским и иностранным языками как средством делового общения I: S: The WTO was established in 1995 to ensure that ____________________ flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. -: conflict of laws +: international trade -: humanitarian law -: arbitration I: S: ____________ in international law is based on the consistent practice of nation states and is defined as evidence of a general practice accepted as law in international relations. -: good offices -: treaty law -: law of war and peace +: international customary law I: S: A _________ is an international agreement concluded between States in written form and governed by public international law. -: custom -: arbitration -: tribunal +: treaty I: S: The rules are difficult to _______________ in foreign jurisdictions -: establish +: enforce -: engage -: entrust I: S: Private international law, also known as _____________, aims to settle disputes between individuals and businesses from different jurisdictions -: interpretation of law +: conflict of laws -: tort law -: INCOTERMS I: S: The justices were all agreed that the defendant was ____________ crimes against humanity. -: set forth -: in compliance with -: binding upon +: liable for I: S: The information was disclosed during international court ____________. -: claims -: defenses +: proceedings -: justice I: S: The EU has criticized the decision to _______________ migrants. +: deport -: deposit -: disclose -: dismiss I: S: The justices found the military leader guilty of _______________ violations of human rights. -: large -: grand -: great +: gross I: S: The Parties hereby ______________ to abide by the terms and conditions of this Treaty. -: discuss; +: undertake -: violate -: infringe. I: S: In common law systems, the trier of law in a court is the _____________. -: coroner -: barrister -: attorney +: judge or justice I: S: The ________________ is usually on the prosecutor to persuade the justice that the accused is guilty -: Obiter dictum -: Ratio decidendi +: Burden of proof -: Standard of proof I: S: _________ is the principle of standing by what has previously been decided in a similar case. -: Obiter dictum +: Stare decisis -: Ratio decidendi -: Ex officio I: S: The Department of Justice, which is responsible for _______________ federal crimes and for representing the government in civil cases, is the most frequent litigator in the federal court system. -: removing -: regulating -: challenging +: prosecuting I: S: __________ is an amicable agreement between the parties ending a lawsuit. +: Settlement -: Application -: Judgment -: Motion I: S: Founding documents should _________the corporate name, purposes of corporation, number of authorized shares, and address of the corporation’s registered office. -: challenge; +: specify; -: pledge; -: appoint. I: S: A loan agreement between the companies shall be __________ in written form. -: terminated +: drafted -: appointed -: rescinded I: S: The fundamental difference between public and private companies is that only public companies may invite the public to _____________ for shares. -: redeem +: subscribe -: breach -: infringe I: S: Hereby the Parties certify that this Agreement has been __________ signed and executed -: subsequently -: consequently +: duly -: detrimentally I: S: Signatories have all requisite powers and authority to ________ and deliver this agreement. -: appoint -: research +: execute -: breach I: S: _________________ clause sets forth the way in which the parties should construe references to current legislation. -: Force Majeure; -: Severance; +: Interpretation; -: Entire Agreement. I: S: The purpose of an _____________ clause in a contract is to enable the resolution of disputes between the contracting parties by an impartial third party or panel acting in a judicial manner. +: arbitration -: litigation -: tribunal -: indemnity I: S: _____________ is the date on which the agreement comes into effect, or the obligations under the agreement commence. -: Effective date -: Duration -: Expiration date +: Commencement date I: S: A NDA or _______________ clause allows one or both parties to protect the confidentiality of sensitive information. -: entire agreement +: confidentiality -: forum -: interpretation I: S: A ___________ of contract arises when one party alleges that another party to an agreement has in some way failed to comply with the terms of the agreement: +: breach -: application -: submission -: conclusion I: S: __________________is the time-limit prescribed by law in which a claimant must commence a claim in court. -: Expiration; +: Limitation Period -: Maturity date -: Draft