Эксперт по сдаче вступительных испытаний в ВУЗах
The introduction of personal computers and information networks began in the 80-ies of the last century. After securing their first positions in companies and then in households, information technologies will automate and informationout jobs, not only managerial echelon, but also ordinary workers and specialists. Thus, computerization has become an integral part of the whole sphere of office activity.
With the introduction of information technology has changed the approach to the work itself: it became possible to work both individually and collectively. As you know, the beginning of 1990-ies was marked by the economic downturn, so the conversion on the basis of application of information networks were considered by many companies as a profitable way to reduce production costs. As a result of this scheme is justified and paid for itself, allowing to increase the market ratio of sales of goods and services by reducing the time required for the development or improvement of products. The main objectives of the companies were: the achievement of economic growth, value creation and reducing working hours of staff. But the main reason to maintain competitiveness has become an internal restructuring of the companies based on information technology.
Services to a greater or lesser extent dependent on information technology, as the production services or high-tech services can provide significant employment growth. For example, in France and in the UK in these areas has about 2/3 of the total working population and in the USA these figures are even higher. As for other first world countries, they also approach them in these indicators. The impact of information technology evident in the areas of providing financial and insurance services, which is characterized by increase in the exchange capacity of all services and expanding their offer. The impact of information technology applies to intermediate services: trade, communication, transport. In these areas IT helped to improve labour productivity. And, in the end, in the sphere of social and personal services active use of information technologies allows to increase the number of new jobs.
Currently, information technology is gradually becoming a major factor in strengthening the interaction and interrelation of labour productivity, volumes of production, employment and investment. The experience of recent years confirms that the distribution of services creates new jobs.
In the US, the contribution of information systems, telecommunications and the media in GDP has doubled, which contributed to the creation of 4-5 million jobs in small and medium-sized firms. Only the Internet was formed about 0.5 million jobs.
